1.Bazel安装
- (1) Bazel下载地址
- (2) 安装命令：
# 1.linux
>> sudo ./bazel-7.2.0-installer-linux-x86_64.sh
# 2.windows
# (1) 新建一个文件夹，下载exe文件bazel-7.2.0-windows-x86_64.exe
# (2) 将下载的exe文件拷贝到对应路径下，并将名字改为bazel.exe
# (3) 将该路径添加到系统环境变量中
# 3.查看版本
>> bazel --version
bazel 7.2.0
2.入门示例
- (1) 新建工程，根目录创建空文件
MODULE.bazel，将当前目录标识为Bazel工作区； - (2) 创建文件夹
main，并在文件夹下添加源码hello-world.cc，及构建规则文件BUILD，工程结构如下：
├── MODULE.bazel
└── main
├── BUILD
└── hello-world.cc
- (3) 给
hello-world.cc文件添加源码内容：
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 17:46:22
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: hello world
*/
#include <ctime>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
std::string Hello(const std::string &who) {
return "Hello, " + who;
}
void getTimestamp() {
std::time_t result = std::time(nullptr);
std::cout << std::asctime(std::localtime(&result));
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
std::string who = "world";
if (argc > 1) {
who = argv[1];
}
std::cout << Hello(who) << std::endl;
getTimestamp();
return 0;
}
- (4) 向
BUILD文件中添加编译规则：
cc_binary(
name = "hello-world",
srcs = ["hello-world.cc"],
)
- (5) 编译运行：
# 1.编译
>> bazel build //main:hello-world
INFO: Analyzed target //main:hello-world (0 packages loaded, 0 targets configured).
INFO: Found 1 target...
Target //main:hello-world up-to-date:
bazel-bin/main/hello-world
INFO: Elapsed time: 0.126s, Critical Path: 0.00s
INFO: 1 process: 1 internal.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 1 total action
# 2.运行
>> ./bazel-bin/main/hello-world
Hello, world
Mon Dec 9 18:02:06 2024
3.多目标构建
- (1) 将
Hello函数的声明和实现分别放在hello.h和hello.cc中：
// hello.h
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 18:17:03
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: Hello
*/
#pragma once
#include <string>
std::string Hello(const std::string &who);
// hello.cc
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 18:17:08
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: Hello
*/
#include "hello.h"
std::string Hello(const std::string &who) {
return "Hello, " + who;
}
- (2) 修改
hello-world.cc文件内容：
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 17:46:22
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: hello world
*/
#include <ctime>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include "hello.h"
void getTimestamp() {
std::time_t result = std::time(nullptr);
std::cout << std::asctime(std::localtime(&result));
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
std::string who = "world";
if (argc > 1) {
who = argv[1];
}
std::cout << Hello(who) << std::endl;
getTimestamp();
return 0;
}
- (3) 修改构建规则
BUILD文件：
cc_library(
name = "Hello",
srcs = ["hello.cc"],
hdrs = ["hello.h"],
)
cc_binary(
name = "hello-world",
srcs = ["hello-world.cc"],
deps = [
":Hello"
],
)
这里Bazel首先会构建 Hello库(使用Bazel内置的 cc_library规则)，然后再构建 hello-world二进制文件。hello-world目标中的 deps属性会告知Bazel构建过程中需要依赖 Hello库才能成功构建出 hello-world二进制文件。
- (4) 编译运行：
# 1.编译
>> bazel build //main:hello-world
INFO: Analyzed target //main:hello-world (82 packages loaded, 389 targets configured).
INFO: Found 1 target...
Target //main:hello-world up-to-date:
bazel-bin/main/hello-world
INFO: Elapsed time: 0.293s, Critical Path: 0.00s
INFO: 1 process: 1 internal.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 1 total action
# 2.运行
>> ./bazel-bin/main/hello-world
Hello, world
Mon Dec 9 18:23:31 2024
4.多软件包
- (1) 在项目根目录创建一个目录
lib，并创建timestamp.h、timestamp.cc和BUILD三个文件； - (2) 添加源文件及编译规则：
这里主要不同之处在于 visibility = ["//main:__pkg__"],表示该包对于 main路径下的包可见，这样 main路径下包就可以链接到当前编译生成的 Timestamp包。
// timestamp.h
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 18:51:42
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: timestamp
*/
#pragma once
#include <ctime>
#include <cstring>
void getTimestamp();
// timestamp.cc
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 18:51:47
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: timestamp
*/
#include "timestamp.h"
#include <iostream>
void getTimestamp() {
std::time_t result = std::time(nullptr);
std::cout << std::asctime(std::localtime(&result));
}
// BUILD
cc_library(
name = "Timestamp",
srcs = ["timestamp.cc"],
hdrs = ["timestamp.h"],
visibility = ["//main:__pkg__"],
)
- (3) 修改
main文件夹下编译规则及源码：
编译规则主要修改点为："//lib:Timestamp"，这个表示二进制文件的编译过程依赖于 lib路径下 Timestamp包
// BUILD
cc_library(
name = "Hello",
srcs = ["hello.cc"],
hdrs = ["hello.h"],
)
cc_binary(
name = "hello-world",
srcs = ["hello-world.cc"],
deps = [
":Hello",
"//lib:Timestamp"
],
)
// hello-world.cc
/*
* @Author: chenjingyu
* @Date: 2024-12-09 17:46:22
* @Contact: 2458006466@qq.com
* @Description: hello world
*/
#include <iostream>
#include "main/hello.h"
#include "lib/timestamp.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
std::string who = "world";
if (argc > 1) {
who = argv[1];
}
std::cout << Hello(who) << std::endl;
getTimestamp();
return 0;
}
- (4) 编译运行：
# 1.编译
bazel build //main:hello-world
INFO: Analyzed target //main:hello-world (0 packages loaded, 5 targets configured).
INFO: Found 1 target...
Target //main:hello-world up-to-date:
bazel-bin/main/hello-world
INFO: Elapsed time: 0.428s, Critical Path: 0.33s
INFO: 6 processes: 3 internal, 3 linux-sandbox.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 6 total actions
# 2.运行
>> ./bazel-bin/main/hello-world
Hello, world
Mon Dec 9 18:59:21 2024